Tuesday, June 19, 2012

Lenition and Fortition

Again, collecting the napkins and typing them up so I can throw them away:

Lenition
Remember, consonants in Perelandran are divided into the "lemon ring" (/ɫ/, /m/, /n/, /r/, and /ŋ/), "the azuře views" (/ð/, /ž/, /ɣ/, /v/, and /z/), the stops (/b/, /d/, /g/, /ʔ/, and the affricative /dž/), and the "breathing" (/j/, /w/, /ʁ/, and ◌ aka nada).

Lenition happens when you add to the end of a verb (nearly everything is a verb in Perelandran).  It's as if the words are all trying to "shorten up" in a rush to get to the end.  Lenition happens differently in the onset than it does in the coda.
Initial

  • The stops all reduce to the glottal stop, except for the glottal stop itself which disappears:
    • b → '
    • d → '
    • g → '
    • j → '
    • ' → ◌
  • In the "lemon ring", nasal become stops and sonorants become glides:
    • m → b
    • n → d
    • ŋ →  g (this can happen at the beginning of a word, only across syllable boundaries)
    • l → y
    • r → w
  • "The azuře views" also become stops (well, one affricative)
    • v → b
    • z → d  (I'm considering adding d̪ ... not phonemicly)
    • ž → dž
    • ð → d
    • ɣ → g
Final
  • The stops cannot occur in the coda
  • The fricatives/"the azuře views" universally become the glottal stop
    • ð → '
    • z → '
    • ž → '
    • v → '
    • ɣ → '
  • The "lemon ring" consonants all turn into fricatives:
    • m → v
    • n → ž
    • l  → ð
    • r → z
    • ŋ → ɣ
Fortition
Well, about now is when I googled lenition and fortition and discovered I conceived of these backwards from everyone else.  :-(  I picture fricatives and nasal as being able to be held for a long time, versus there is no way to make a stop last longer.  For now, I'll stick with my original schema.
Again, there is a difference between onsets and coda.
Initial
  • The stops become fricatives or a trill
    • b → v
    • d → ð
    • g → ɣ
    • j → ž
    • ' → R
  • The fricatives become sonorants
    • v → m
    • ð → l
    • z → r
    • ž → n
    • ɣ → n (well, at the beginning of words.  Internally, it becomes ŋ.)
  • The "lemon ring" are already at the top of their game.  If there is a consonant between them and their vowel, then they become syllabic.  Otherwise, they get growled into being their own syllable.  (It was either that or follow them with a glottal stop, which does sound nice.)
    • m → Rəm:
    • n → Rən:
    • ŋ → Rəŋ: (this wouldn't be happening at the start of a word
    • ɫ → Rəɫ:
    • r → Rər:
Final
  • Stops can't occur in the coda
  • The fricatives are as listed above, but with out the concern over ŋ.
  • For the "lemon ring", I realized I typed colons instead of ː's.  It's clear to me that Perelandran will require gemination, that is, the doubling of consonants.  I remember thinking to myself a few days ago, "Why isn't it important in English if I syllabize the participle of "run" as 'ruh-ning' vs. 'run-ning' vs. 'run-ing'?"  This will be hard for me to remember to say right, but I think I can get it.
Examples
If I have the tri-vowelic root "a-u-ai" and some imaginary verb conjugation is "m+žð+ŋ+l", then it would be realized as "maž.ðu.ˈŋaiɫ".  Some suffix (let say, "ðri") comes along, and it would become bajdugaiððri.  Or, just suppose, the prefix byo'o snuck up on us.  The root would need to beef up and the whole thing would become byo'oRəmmanɫuŋŋaiɫ.

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